Coke oven



J. SCHAFER Oct. 23, 1945.

COKE OVEN Filed Feb. 26 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Attorney:

J. SCHAFER COKE OVEN Oct. 23, 1945..

Filed Feb. 26, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 O 3 o A 2 4 4 2 M 2v 1 I J. SCHAFER COKE OVEN Get. 23, 1945.

Filed Feb. 26, 1940 4 Sheejzs-Sheet 3 J. SCHAFER Oct. 23, 1945.

COKE OVEN Filed Feb. 26, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 r Z% 0 fizz m tum .h MA f e r w J m/W Patented Oct. 23, 1945 COKE OVEN Josef Schiller, Dortmund, Germany; vested in. the Allen Property Custodian Application February 26. 1940, Serial No. 320,951 In Germany March 13, 1939 8 Claims;

The invention relates to coke ovens and more particularly to the arrangement of the gas bumers or nozzles in connection with the heating flues thereof. Coke ovens are known heated by rich gas only i. e. by fuel gas gained during the coking process, also. Compound ovens heated alternatively by rich gas and by poor gas i. e. by a gas generated in separate gas producers burning cheap coals of a low calorific value. When rich gas is burnt it is useful to add to it waste gas from the heating flues of the coke oven in order to produce an elongated flame extending over the entire altitude of the heating flue.

When the coke oven is heated with poor gasadding of waste gas is not necessary or even undesirable as a sufllciently long flame is already produced and admission of waste gas would only cause a reduction of temperature.

The object of the present invention is to admit waste gas to the rich gas in a very useful and simple manner. Either in the case of compound ovens or ovens heated by rich gas only.

Hitherto the admission of waste gas to the rich gas was generally effected in such a way that a part of the waste gas coming from the heating flues was added to the rich gas conduits by means of a blower. This arrangement required a very complicated structure of the plant and demanded special precautionary measures in order to avoid explosion when a change of the gas admission was made.

Furthermore in some coke ovens a part of the waste gas is circulated through pairs of heating flues special channels or flues for the waste gas being avoided. For this purpose at both ends of the heating flues a connection is provided by disposing openings in the separating wall. However, this arrangement has the drawback that, if poor gas is used, the circulation of the waste gas cannot be eliminated and the aforementioned reduction of temperature takes place.

It is the object of the invention to connect directly the rich gas burners or nozzles ending into the single heating flues with the waste gas channels in such a manner that an ejector is formed. The structural features of this arrangement may be varied. It is very useful especlally if rich gas liable to deposit soot is used to connect the rich gas nozzles by small special channels with the collecting channel for the waste gas or with the lower part of the regenerators or recuperators. Thus already cooled waste gas-of a temperature of about 300 C.-- is added to the rich gas and the danger of sooting is diminished. However, it is also possible to conduct the waste gases before they pass through the regenerators or recuperators to the rich gas nozzles or rich gas burners. For this purpose a couple of coacting heating flues may be connected at the end by a U shaped or curved channel into which end the rich gas ejector nozzles.

The invention ma be applied to existing ovens with but little alteration, i. e. by providing only the small channels for the waste gas. The arrangement of special fans is not necessary as the rich gas draws the desired quantities of the waste gas to the burners or nozzles.

The effect of the ejector may be controlled in different manners, f. i. by adjusting or altering the position of the nozzle tubes through which the rich gas is led or by exchange of the nozzle heads thus efieeting the suction of smaller or greater quantities of waste gas.

In the accompanying drawings several examples according to the invention are illustrated.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line IV-IV v of Fig. 3 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 5 shows the ejector-like connection of the rich gas nozzles with the waste gas channels according to Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale.

Figs. 6-8 represent a structure according to the invention in a coke oven alternatively heated by rich gas and by poor gas.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section on line V'IVI of Fig. 7.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section on line VlI-VII of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a cross section on line VIII-VIII of Fig. 6.

Figs. 9ll show another example of an oven alternatively heated with rich gas and poor gas.

Fig. 9 is a section on line IX-IX of Fig. 10.

Fig. 10 is a section on line X--X of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a section on line XI-ifl of Fig. 9.

Figs. 12-14 show a third example of an oven alternatively heated with rich gas and poor gas.

Fig. 12 is a vertical section on line lflI-JHI of Fig. 13.

Fi 13 is a vertical section on line XIIIXIII of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a longitudinal section on line XIV- XIV on Fig. 12.

The heating of the coking chambers I1 is efiected in a known manner over the pairwise coacting heating flues 2, beneath which the regenerators are provided. The admission of the rich gas is eflected according to the example shown in Figs. 1-5 through the channels 3a and the nozzles 3 which end like ejectors into the flues l0. These flues or channels join the two coacting heating tain intervals and-with reference to Figure alternatively sending them over the right or the left channel 3 into the heating flues 2.

For controlling the ejector effect changeable nozzles 3 may be provided. The changing may be done through the pits l2 disposed above the heating flue 2.

The structure shown in Figs. 6-8 is an oven' alternatively heated with rich gas and with poor gas. Beneath each regenerator two channels I and I are provided of which one admits air and the other gas alternatively to the regenerators to be heated. The admission of the rich gas and the admixture of the waste gas is effected in the samemanner as described with reference to Figs. 1-5 only the waste gas channels show a somewhat different form.

The structure shown in Figs. 9-11 is also a compound oven alternatively heated with rich gas and poor gas. The rich gas is led through nozzle tubes 6 disposed in channels 8 and 9'. The air enters the heating flues through the small channels 4 as in the previous example. The admission of the gas is effected alternatively through the channels 9 and 9' in known manner. In this arrangement the waste gas added to the rich gas is taken from the waste gas manifold channels 1 below the regenerators through short connecting ducts 8.

In order to control the ejector effect the tubes 8 may be displaced upward or downward or the nozzle heads, may be changed.

Fi s. 12-14 show a further modification of a coke oven alternatively heated by rich gas or by poor gas. As shown in the Figures 9-11 the rich gas supply conduit 3a is placed beneath the regenerators and the rich gas is led into channels 9 9' through the nozzles but the waste gases admixed with the rich fuel gas are not taken from the regenerator or from the manifold channels l-as shown in the Figures 9-11-but from the bottom of the down draft heating flues 2 directly, usisng connecting channels I 0 as shown in Figs. l-

The invention may also be applied to other kinds of ovens.

I claim;

1. In a coke oven operable with dilution of the heating gas by waste gas the combination of coking chambers, heating flues for the same, waste gas flues, fuel gas inlets from said waste gas flues to said heating flues, means including injection nozzles for supplying rich gas to said inlets through said waste gas flues for supplying substantially the whole proportion of diluting waste gas to said inlets by injector action of the rich gas nozzles. 1

2. In a coke oven operable with dilution of the heating gas by waste gas the combination of coking chambers, heating flues for the same, fuel gas ducts extending downwardly from the bases of said heating flues, rich gas supply injector nozzles extending into said fuel gas ducts and opening thereinto at intermediate points therein, and ducts connecting the fuel gas ducts to a source of waste gases within the coke oven to furnish substantially the whole proportion of diluting waste gas to the rich gas by injector action of said nozzles.

3. In a coke oven operable with dilution of the heating gas by waste gas the combination of coking chambers, heating flues for the same, fuel gas ducts extending downwardly from the bases of said heating flues, rich gas supply injector nozzles extending into said fuel gas ducts and opening thereinto at intermediate points therein, and ducts connecting the fuel gas ducts to a source of waste gases within the coke oven to furnish substantially the whole proportion of diluting waste gas to the rich gas by injector action of said nozzles, said rich gas n ector nozzles being djustable in said fuel gas ducts.

4. In a coke oven operable with dilution of the heating gas by waste gas the combination of coking chambers, heating flues for the same, fuel gas ducts extending downwardly from the bases of said heating flues, rich-gas supply injector nozzles extending into said fuel gas ducts and opening thereinto at intermediate points therein, and ducts connecting the fuel gas ducts to a source of waste gases within the coke oven to furnish substantially the whole proportion of diluting waste gas to the rich gas by injector action of said nozzles, said rich gas injector nozzles being interchangeable.

5. In a coke oven operable with dilution of the heating gas by waste gas the combination of coking chambers, heating walls for the same having heating flues and waste gas flues therein, nozzles for admitting rich fuel gas into said heating flues, and ducts connecting said waste gas flues and said heating flues and said nozzles for drawing substantially the whole proportion of diluting waste gas into the rich gas by injector action of said nozzles.

6. In a coke oven operable with dilution of the heating gas by waste'gas the combination of coking chambers, heating walls having pairs of vertical flues whereof one flue functions as a flame flue while the other flue is operating as a waste gas flue, inlets for rich fuel gas at the bases of said flues, means for supplying a stream of rich gas to the inlets of flues which are operating as flame flues, and a duct connecting the inlets of a pair of flues and said supplying means adapted to supply substantially the whole proportion of diluting waste gas from the flue which is operating as a waste gas flue to the flue which is operating as a flame flue, by the injector action of said rich gas stream passing through said duct.

7. In a coke oven operable with dilution of the heating gas by waste gas the combination of coking chambers, heating flues for the same, waste gas flues, regenerators associated with said heating flues and waste gas flues, inlets for admitting rich fuel gas into said heating flues, means for supplying a stream of rich gas to said inlets, and connections between said supplying means and regenerators traversed by waste gases for supplying substantially the whole proportion of diluting waste gas to said rich gas inlets by injector action of said rich gas stream.

8. In a coke oven, the combination of a coking chamber; a heating flue for said chamber; a waste gas flue; means for supplying rich fuel gas to the heating flue; and a connection between said waste gas flue and said supplying means, for supplying waste gas to the heating flue by the flow of the rich gas through said supplying means.

' JOSEF SCHKFER. 

